Chinese Aircraft - JH-7 Fighter-Bomber [B-7] (2024)

JH-7 uses a high-level double swept wing standard aerodynamic layout, using full-motion level tail, single-sided vertical tail, belly deflector. The domestic HTY-4 ejection seat has superior performance and can guarantee flight personnel to escape at a height of 0-20000 meters and a speed of 0-1000 kilometers per hour. The integrated co*ckpit cover ensures a good view and the instrument system reaches the fourth generation level. The 232H multi-purpose pulse Doppler radar used by the JH-7 fully draws on the process and technical solutions of the AN/APQ-120 radar used by the US F-4E aircraft, which can effectively resist both air targets and ground targets. The maximum detection range for the air target of the MiG-21 fighter is 70-75 km, and for large water targets is 160-175 km.

The JH-7 uses a three-point fuselage landing gear. The front landing gear is in the form of a rear strut. The main landing gear is a small-track "outer eight-character" rocker arm. The JH-7 aircraft has a length of 22.325 meters, a wingspan of 12.705 meters, a shutdown height of 6.575 meters, a maximum takeoff weight of 34, 475 kilograms, a maximum external weight of >10000 kilograms, a maximum M number of 1.70, and a maximum speed of 1210 kilometers per hour. The transition range is 3,650 to 4,500 kilometers. The combat radius of the JH-7 is 1,650 kilometers, twice that of the Chinese H-5 aircraft.

The two turbofan-9 (WS-9) afterburner turbofan engines used in the JH-7 are Chinese based. The prototype of the technology is produced by Rolls-Royce 's "Spey" Mk202 engine developed for the F-4K/M fighter. This is the first time that Chinese fighters have used Western power units after World War II. China signed the Spey engine procurement and licensing production agreement with the United Kingdom in 1975. In 1976, it imported 50 Mk202 engine products.

The JH-7 has good maneuverability and has certain air combat self-defense capabilities. Due to the requirement to maintain a large combat radius in the case of external air-to-ship missiles, a low fuel consumption turbofan engine is essential. British Spey MK202 turbofan engine, the maximum afterburning thrust of 91.25 kN, engine.

The weight is 1841 kg, the thrust-to-weight ratio is 6.5, and the maximum military thrust fuel consumption rate is 0.68. Its performance is far better than that of the domestic turbojet engine at the time, especially the low fuel consumption rate ensures the realization of the key voyage index of the JH-7. At the same time as the introduction of the Spey engine, China also started the imitation localization of the coded turbofan-9 at the Xi'an engine factory. However, due to the technical gap and other reasons, the development of the turbofan-9 has not been smooth. Therefore, the early production of the JH-7 still uses the imported Spey engine. Until July 17, 2003, the domestically produced turbofan-9 was finally certified by localized engineering technology and approved for mass production. The realization of the national production of the turbofan-9 was named "Qinling", which laid the foundation for the further development of the Yuhan-7.

The anti-ship missile is the main attack weapon. The aircraft's HN-7 avionics system is built around the use of anti-ship missiles. It mainly includes navigation systems to ensure that the aircraft can accurately reach the theater and fire control radars that provide target indications for air-to-ship missiles. The astronomical system of the JH-7 includes 232H single-pulse multi-function fire control radar, ZJ-9 commander, 210 Doppler navigation radar, 265A radar altimeter, HZX-5 heading attitude system, etc., of which 232H fire control radar is the largest. The search distance is about 150 kilometers and the track is about 90 kilometers. Due to the increase of avionics, the traditional Chinese fighters have adopted the hardware interconnection method, which is not suitable for use on the JH-7 fighters. Therefore, the JH-7 first adopted the data bus in China to connect the systems to form a preliminary integrated flight. Electric system, due to the limitations of domestic technical conditions at that time, the aeronautical system of the JH-7 uses a low-speed, one-way ARINC-429 bus. The system is controlled by the fire control center and is responsible for the co*ckpit display.

The collection of the overall state of flight, information processing and output control of various subsystems, although the comprehensive level of the avionics system of the JH-7 is still low. The function is also limited, but the integration of attack/navigation is realized, which effectively improves the combat capability of the system.As the main supporting system of the JH-7, the Chinese Naval Air Force is equipped with the Yun-8 warning and electronic reconnaissance aircraft, which search for a large area of the sea area and provide the target information to the JH-7. Based on this, they determined their own course, concealed the enemy, and then quickly launched the attack, so the JH-7 was also one of the earliest aircraft in China to equip the data link.

The JH-7 uses the JL-10A "Condor" pulse Doppler radar from the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics 607. The military plans to use the JL-10A for the JH-7, replacing the original single-pulse radar. The "Shen" radar is a true pulse Doppler slab antenna radar with a good ground-to-ground mode, and beam scanning for ground imaging. There are 11 working modes, such as mid-range interception, close combat, ground/sea attack, and auxiliary navigation, with tracking mode and multi-target attack capability. The upper and lower viewing distances are 80 and 54 kilometers, respectively, and the upper and lower viewing distances are 40 and 32 kilometers, respectively. The working band is the X band . The focus of the radar is on the "Development of Airborne Doppler Sharpening Processors" hosted by Mao Shiyi.

In 1995, the prototype radar of the "Goshawk" project passed the test flight successfully, and obtained the first real-time DBS image in China. In the test flight, the ground signal detected by the radar is converted into an image in real time, and can be output on the screen within 2 seconds. In March 2001, the airborne Doppler sharpening ratio mentioned 32:1, and the resolution was greatly improved. In 2004, the 607 Institute added synthetic aperture imaging capabilities to the radar.

For the first time, the JH-7 used a data bus as the core combat system on Chinese domestic combat aircraft. It is mainly composed of multi-function radar, air-to-ship missile fire control, flat display, atmospheric data system, onboard computer system bus, inertial/GPS navigation system and control stabilization flight control system. Attacks on the ground and the sea can be attacked in multiple ways. It is reported that the "Flying Leopard" radar search range is 150 kilometers, and the range of the radar is 100 kilometers. The machine adopts advanced airborne equipment and finished products, adopts the latest design specifications, and uses the data bus and digital technology to integrate all systems in China. The computer system consists of six digital computers with serial data transmission in the HB6096 (ARINC 429) specification. The bus uses broadcast communication, 4 transmitters, each configured with one bus. The four transmitters are the air data computer, the inertial navigation/GPS combination computer, the missile fire control system, and the flat display fire control system computer service.

JH-7 uses inertial and GPS global positioning integrated navigation system, navigation and positioning accuracy. The JH-7 is equipped with short-wave radio stations and ultra-short-wave radio stations to ensure its communication in complex conditions. The omni directional warning device and the electronic countermeasure system with passive interference devices greatly enhance the self-defense capability and survivability of the JH-7. The automatic flight control system and the fire control system are cross-linked, which improves the attack accuracy of the JH-7, and the multi-functional radar and the peaceful display use provide a good means of combat for the pilot. The spacious, bright and comfortable co*ckpit is good for combat effectiveness. The reliability growth and the improvement of multiple maintainability make the JH-7 have good inherent reliability and maintainability. A complete and efficient comprehensive support system can effectively guarantee the completion of combat and training tasks.